J45: Ibizan semi-arid juniper forests (Juniperus phoenicea subsp. turbinata)

CountrySpain
Province Ibiza
References

Bolòs de & Molinier 1969; Folch I Guillèn 1981; Folch I Guillèn & Franquesa 1984; Rivas-Martínez 1982a; Rivas-Martínez 1982b; Rivas-Martínez 1987; Rivas-Martínez, Costa Talens & Loidi Arregui 1992; Rivas-Martínez, Costa Talens, Soriano, Perez, Llorens & Rosello 1992

Remarks

CONIF
BLD
BLE
SCL
LEG
ZONPALM
ARBFERN
D-HERB
M-HERB
AZONAL WOODY
AZONAL NON-WOODY
AQUATIC
PROBLEMATIC TAXA
Sum of taxa
CONIF
3.00
BLD
0.00
BLE
1.00
SCL
3.50
LEG
0.50
ZONPALM
0.00
ARBFERN
0.00
D-HERB
1.60
M-HERB
0.40
AZONAL WOODY
0.00
AZONAL NON-WOODY
0.00
AQUATIC
0.00
PROBLEMATIC TAXA
0.00
Percentage of zonal taxa
CONIF
30.00
BLD
0.00
BLE
10.00
SCL
35.00
LEG
5.00
ZONPALM
0.00
ARBFERN
0.00
D-HERB
16.00
M-HERB
4.00
Percentage of zonal woody angiosperms
BLD
0.00
BLE
20.00
SCL
70.00
LEG
10.00
ZONPALM
0.00
Sum of all taxa10.00
Sum of zonal taxa10.00
Sum of zonal woody angiosperms5.00
Sum of % SCL + LEG80.00
Sum of % D-HERB + M-HERB (ZONAL HERB)20.00

Vegetation types

No vegetation types.

EuroVegMap information

Title

Ibizan semi-arid juniper forests (Juniperus phoenicea subsp. turbinata)

Geographical distribution

Country/territory
Spain: Ibiza
area covered
630 km²
area frequency
2 polygons.

Scientific names of main plant communities and their most common synonyms (with author citation)

Cneoro tricocci-Pistacietum lentisci O. Bolòs & Molinier (1958) 1984 (= Querco-Lentiscetum cneoretosum O. Bolòs & Molinier 1969; Cneoro tricocci-Juniperetum lyciae Rivas-Martínez 1982). 630 km²; 2 polygons.

Structural feature of the main community(ies) (layers, life-forms, etc.)

Small forests with various juniper species, pines, kermes oak and other thermophilous shrubs and herbs.

Dominant and most frequent species in different layers

Tree layer
Pinus halepensis
Shrub layer
Juniperus phoenicea subsp. turbinata, Cneorum tricoccon, Pistacia lentiscus, Juniperus oxycedrus, Quercus coccifera, Arbutus unedo, Rosmarinus officinalis
Lianas
Asparagus horridus
Herb layer
Brachypodium retusum, Piptatherum miliaceum
Moss layer (incl. lichens)
No details

Diagnostically important species

Juniperus phoenicea subsp. turbinata, Cneorum tricoccon, Pistacia lentiscus

Ecological variants

Typical variant with Quercus coccifera on deep soils with greater moisture; variant with Arbutus unedo on north-exposed slopes of peaks, on deep, porous soils; variant with Teucrium flavum subsp. glaucum, Carex distachya and Polypodium cambricum at shaded cliffs; variant with Limonium ebusitanum, Daucus carota subsp. commutatus and Crithmum maritimum in sea-influenced areas; variant with Ammophila arenaria subsp. arandinacea and Crucianella maritima in transitional areas to seashores; variant with Lycium intricatum and Salsola oppositifolia at warm cliff coasts with dry winds; variant with Suaeda vera, Sarcocornia fruticosa and Arthrocnemum macrostachyum at the edges of salt lakes; variants with Juniperus phoenicea subsp. turbinata in xerophytic areas.

Geographical variants (geogr. differential species)

Variant with Hippocrepis balearica and Asperula paui.

Natural accompanying vegetation (most important units in complex with the name giving mapping unit, scientific names)

---

Adjoining climax and permanent vegetation (with numbers of mapping units)

salt vegetation (P26).

Land use, substitute communities

forestry (substitute communities, plantations of economic tree-species, scrub)
Occasional forestry; broom scrub: Cytiso fontanesi-Gensitetum dorycnifoliae.
grassland (meadows, pastures, herb-rich communities)
Thyme communities: Teucrio piifonti-Corydothymetum capitati.
arable land (characteristic weed communities)
---
settlements (typical ruderal vegetation)
No details

Site conditions of the mapping unit

Landscape type, geomorphology
mountainous country, steep slopes; coasts
Altitudinal belt and/or altitudinal range
thermo-Mediterranean
Geology (bedrock)
limestone (Cretaceous, Jurassic, Triassic)
Soil conditions
soil type, also the depth of fine textured earth (soil), stone content; (international nomenclature)
(stony calcic cambisols)
soil texture
loamy, stony
soil moisture, water balance
moderately dry to very dry
soil reaction
neutral
soil fertility
meso-eutrophic
Climate incl. local climate
climate type (following Walter & Lieth)
IV1
average annual temperature
17-19 °C
average annual precipitation
400-500 mm
average temperature of the warmest month
23-25 °C
average temperature of the coldest month
8-12 °C
local climate or other climatic peculiarities
---

Importance for nature protection

Present state and development trend of natural vegetation (degree of endangerment)
No details
endangered communities, species worthy of protection in natural vegetation
No details
causes of endangerment
Tourism, occasionally forestry.
required measures for protection and restitution
No details

Localities of representative stands (loci typici) with state of protection

of the natural vegetation
No details
of characteristic substitute communities worthy of protection
---

Most important references (author, year)

Bolòs de & Molinier 1969; Folch I Guillèn 1981; Folch I Guillèn & Franquesa 1984; Rivas-Martínez 1982a; Rivas-Martínez 1982b; Rivas-Martínez 1987; Rivas-Martínez, Costa Talens & Loidi Arregui 1992; Rivas-Martínez, Costa Talens, Soriano, Perez, Llorens & Rosello 1992

Compiled by

A. Penas Merino and L. Herrero Cembranos

© Bundesamt für Naturschutz (BfN)
Texts were extracted from the EuroVegMap application with permission from the authors.

Taxons

Taxon
CONIF
BLD
BLE
SCL
LEG
ZONPALM
ARBFERN
D-HERB
M-HERB
AZONAL WOODY
AZONAL NON-WOODY
AQUATIC
PROBLEMATIC TAXA
Taxon
Asparagus horridus
CONIF
0.00
BLD
0.00
BLE
0.00
SCL
0.50
LEG
0.50
ZONPALM
0.00
ARBFERN
0.00
D-HERB
0.00
M-HERB
0.00
AZONAL WOODY
0.00
AZONAL NON-WOODY
0.00
AQUATIC
0.00
PROBLEMATIC TAXA
0.00
Taxon
Brachypodium retusum
CONIF
0.00
BLD
0.00
BLE
0.00
SCL
0.00
LEG
0.00
ZONPALM
0.00
ARBFERN
0.00
D-HERB
0.80
M-HERB
0.20
AZONAL WOODY
0.00
AZONAL NON-WOODY
0.00
AQUATIC
0.00
PROBLEMATIC TAXA
0.00
Taxon
Cneorum tricoccon
CONIF
0.00
BLD
0.00
BLE
0.50
SCL
0.50
LEG
0.00
ZONPALM
0.00
ARBFERN
0.00
D-HERB
0.00
M-HERB
0.00
AZONAL WOODY
0.00
AZONAL NON-WOODY
0.00
AQUATIC
0.00
PROBLEMATIC TAXA
0.00
Taxon
Juniperus oxycedrus
CONIF
1.00
BLD
0.00
BLE
0.00
SCL
0.00
LEG
0.00
ZONPALM
0.00
ARBFERN
0.00
D-HERB
0.00
M-HERB
0.00
AZONAL WOODY
0.00
AZONAL NON-WOODY
0.00
AQUATIC
0.00
PROBLEMATIC TAXA
0.00
Taxon
Juniperus phoenicea subsp. turbinate
CONIF
1.00
BLD
0.00
BLE
0.00
SCL
0.00
LEG
0.00
ZONPALM
0.00
ARBFERN
0.00
D-HERB
0.00
M-HERB
0.00
AZONAL WOODY
0.00
AZONAL NON-WOODY
0.00
AQUATIC
0.00
PROBLEMATIC TAXA
0.00
Taxon
Pinus halepensis
CONIF
1.00
BLD
0.00
BLE
0.00
SCL
0.00
LEG
0.00
ZONPALM
0.00
ARBFERN
0.00
D-HERB
0.00
M-HERB
0.00
AZONAL WOODY
0.00
AZONAL NON-WOODY
0.00
AQUATIC
0.00
PROBLEMATIC TAXA
0.00
Taxon
Piptatherum miliaceum
CONIF
0.00
BLD
0.00
BLE
0.00
SCL
0.00
LEG
0.00
ZONPALM
0.00
ARBFERN
0.00
D-HERB
0.80
M-HERB
0.20
AZONAL WOODY
0.00
AZONAL NON-WOODY
0.00
AQUATIC
0.00
PROBLEMATIC TAXA
0.00
Taxon
Pistacia lentiscus
CONIF
0.00
BLD
0.00
BLE
0.00
SCL
1.00
LEG
0.00
ZONPALM
0.00
ARBFERN
0.00
D-HERB
0.00
M-HERB
0.00
AZONAL WOODY
0.00
AZONAL NON-WOODY
0.00
AQUATIC
0.00
PROBLEMATIC TAXA
0.00
Taxon
Quercus coccifera
CONIF
0.00
BLD
0.00
BLE
0.00
SCL
1.00
LEG
0.00
ZONPALM
0.00
ARBFERN
0.00
D-HERB
0.00
M-HERB
0.00
AZONAL WOODY
0.00
AZONAL NON-WOODY
0.00
AQUATIC
0.00
PROBLEMATIC TAXA
0.00
Taxon
Rosmarinus officinalis
CONIF
0.00
BLD
0.00
BLE
0.50
SCL
0.50
LEG
0.00
ZONPALM
0.00
ARBFERN
0.00
D-HERB
0.00
M-HERB
0.00
AZONAL WOODY
0.00
AZONAL NON-WOODY
0.00
AQUATIC
0.00
PROBLEMATIC TAXA
0.00

Building of the IPR-vegetation analysis website and database was supported by the grant projects GA ČR (Grant Agency of the Czech Republic) No. P210/10/0124 and 18-25057S.