K5: Pyrenean montane pine forests (Pinus sylvestris var. pyrenaica) with Polygala calcarea on carbonate rocks

CountrySpain
Province west and east Pyrenees (in the west from Jaca as far as to the west of Ripoll); sector Pirenaico oriental and P. central (subsector Jacetano-Guarense); France
References

Carreras, Carrillo, Font, Ninot, Soriano & Vigo Bonada 1995; Carreras & Raurell 1992; Carrillo & Ninot 1992; Folch I Guillèn 1981; Folch I Guillèn & Franquesa 1984; Gruber 1978; Loidi Arregui, Biurrun Galarraga & Herrera Gallastegui 1997; Peinado Lorca & Rivas-Martínez (Ed.) 1987; Loidi Arregui, Díaz González & Herrera Gallastegui 1997; Rivas-Martínez 1983; Rivas-Martínez 1987; Rivas-Martínez, Bascones, Díaz González, Fernández-González & Loidi Arregui 1991a; Rivas-Martínez, Bascones, Díaz González, Fernández-González & Loidi Arregui 1991b; Vigo Bonada 1974

Remarks

CONIF
BLD
BLE
SCL
LEG
ZONPALM
ARBFERN
D-HERB
M-HERB
AZONAL WOODY
AZONAL NON-WOODY
AQUATIC
PROBLEMATIC TAXA
Sum of taxa
CONIF
2.00
BLD
1.10
BLE
2.40
SCL
1.70
LEG
0.80
ZONPALM
0.00
ARBFERN
0.00
D-HERB
5.60
M-HERB
5.40
AZONAL WOODY
0.00
AZONAL NON-WOODY
0.00
AQUATIC
0.00
PROBLEMATIC TAXA
1.00
Percentage of zonal taxa
CONIF
10.53
BLD
5.79
BLE
12.63
SCL
8.95
LEG
4.21
ZONPALM
0.00
ARBFERN
0.00
D-HERB
29.47
M-HERB
28.42
Percentage of zonal woody angiosperms
BLD
18.33
BLE
40.00
SCL
28.33
LEG
13.33
ZONPALM
0.00
Sum of all taxa20.00
Sum of zonal taxa19.00
Sum of zonal woody angiosperms6.00
Sum of % SCL + LEG41.67
Sum of % D-HERB + M-HERB (ZONAL HERB)57.89

Vegetation types

No vegetation types.

EuroVegMap information

Title

Pyrenean montane pine forests (Pinus sylvestris var. pyrenaica) with Polygala calcarea on carbonate rocks

Geographical distribution

Country/territory
Spain: west and east Pyrenees (in the west from Jaca as far as to the west of Ripoll); sector Pirenaico oriental and P. central (subsector Jacetano-Guarense); France: Pyrenees (border to Spain)
area covered
2500 km²
area frequency
8 polygons.

Scientific names of main plant communities and their most common synonyms (with author citation)

Polygalo calcareae-Pinetum sylvestris (Vigo 1974) Rivas-Martínez 1983 (= Hylocomio-Pinetum sylvestris seslerietosum Vigo 1976; Hepatico nobilis-Pinetum polygaletosum Gruber 1978, Pinetum sylvestris calcicolum Vigo 1974). Echinosparto horridi-Pinetum sylvestris Rivas-Martínez 1987.

Structural feature of the main community(ies) (layers, life-forms, etc.)

Dense pine forest with a shrub layer and a herb layer rich in basiphilous herbs.

Dominant and most frequent species in different layers

Tree layer
Pinus sylvestris var. pyrenaica
Shrub layer
Buxus sempervirens, Juniperus communis subsp. hemisphaerica, Cotoneaster integerrimus, Amelanchier ovalis
Lianas
---
Herb layer
Vaccinium myrtillus, Calluna vulgaris, Digitalis lutea, Polygala calcarea, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, Deschampsia flexuosa, Hepatica nobilis, Valeriana montana, Sesleria albicans, Pulsatilla alpina subsp. font-queri, Festuca gautieri, Pyrola chlorantha, Hieracium murorum, Laserpitium nestleri
Moss layer (incl. lichens)
Hylocomium splendens

Diagnostically important species

Pinus sylvestris var. pyrenaica; Polygala calcarea, Festuca gautieri, Pulsatilla alpina subsp. font-queri, Valeriana montana, Laserpitium nestleri

Ecological variants

Echinosparto horridi-Pinetum sylvestris Rivas-Martínez 1987 of the central Pyrenees and its southern foothills on more extremely dry sites (also limestone) than the Polygalo calcareae-Pinetum sylvestris in the eastern Pyrenees.

Geographical variants (geogr. differential species)

---

Natural accompanying vegetation (most important units in complex with the name giving mapping unit, scientific names)

No details

Adjoining climax and permanent vegetation (with numbers of mapping units)

open Pinus uncinata forests (C23, C24), fir forests (D30), species-rich beech and mixed beech forests (F137, F138), mixed downy oak forests (G41), Quercus ilex subsp. rotundifolia-forests (J12), pine forests (K4).

Land use, substitute communities

forestry (substitute communities, plantations of economic tree-species, scrub)
Forests; scrub with Buxus sempervirens, Rhamnus alpina and Junipero hemisphaericae-Echinospartetum horridi.
grassland (meadows, pastures, herb-rich communities)
Meadows, pastures: Astragalo danici-Poeetum alpinae, Ononido-Anthyllidetum montanae (in drier areas).
arable land (characteristic weed communities)
---
settlements (typical ruderal vegetation)
---

Site conditions of the mapping unit

Landscape type, geomorphology
Pyrenees, at south exposed slopes
Altitudinal belt and/or altitudinal range
altimontane; 1000-1700 m
Geology (bedrock)
carbonate rocks, flysch (Cretaceous, Silurian)
Soil conditions
soil type, also the depth of fine textured earth (soil), stone content; (international nomenclature)
humus carbonate-like soils or brown soils with mull-like mor (Rivas-Martínez 1987); (rendzic leptosols; calcic luvisols; stony calcic cambisols)
soil texture
stony, loamy
soil moisture, water balance
fresh to moderately dry or dry
soil reaction
weakly acidic or neutral to alkaline
soil fertility
oligotrophic, oligo-mesotrophic
Climate incl. local climate
climate type (following Walter & Lieth)
X
average annual temperature
6-10 °C
average annual precipitation
500-900 (1400) mm
average temperature of the warmest month
15-18 °C
average temperature of the coldest month
-1 to 2 °C
local climate or other climatic peculiarities
subhumid-humid climate.

Importance for nature protection

Present state and development trend of natural vegetation (degree of endangerment)
No details
endangered communities, species worthy of protection in natural vegetation
No details
causes of endangerment
Forestry.
required measures for protection and restitution
No details

Localities of representative stands (loci typici) with state of protection

of the natural vegetation
No details
of characteristic substitute communities worthy of protection
---

Most important references (author, year)

Carreras, Carrillo, Font, Ninot, Soriano & Vigo Bonada 1995; Carreras & Raurell 1992; Carrillo & Ninot 1992; Folch I Guillèn 1981; Folch I Guillèn & Franquesa 1984; Gruber 1978; Loidi Arregui, Biurrun Galarraga & Herrera Gallastegui 1997; Peinado Lorca & Rivas-Martínez (Ed.) 1987; Loidi Arregui, Díaz González & Herrera Gallastegui 1997; Rivas-Martínez 1983; Rivas-Martínez 1987; Rivas-Martínez, Bascones, Díaz González, Fernández-González & Loidi Arregui 1991a; Rivas-Martínez, Bascones, Díaz González, Fernández-González & Loidi Arregui 1991b; Vigo Bonada 1974

Compiled by

V. Voggenreiter based on documents by S. Rivas-Martinez; A. Penas Merino and L. Herrero Cembranos

© Bundesamt für Naturschutz (BfN)
Texts were extracted from the EuroVegMap application with permission from the authors.

Taxons

Taxon
CONIF
BLD
BLE
SCL
LEG
ZONPALM
ARBFERN
D-HERB
M-HERB
AZONAL WOODY
AZONAL NON-WOODY
AQUATIC
PROBLEMATIC TAXA
Taxon
Amelanchier ovalis
CONIF
0.00
BLD
0.50
BLE
0.00
SCL
0.50
LEG
0.00
ZONPALM
0.00
ARBFERN
0.00
D-HERB
0.00
M-HERB
0.00
AZONAL WOODY
0.00
AZONAL NON-WOODY
0.00
AQUATIC
0.00
PROBLEMATIC TAXA
0.00
Taxon
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
CONIF
0.00
BLD
0.00
BLE
1.00
SCL
0.00
LEG
0.00
ZONPALM
0.00
ARBFERN
0.00
D-HERB
0.00
M-HERB
0.00
AZONAL WOODY
0.00
AZONAL NON-WOODY
0.00
AQUATIC
0.00
PROBLEMATIC TAXA
0.00
Taxon
Buxus sempervirens
CONIF
0.00
BLD
0.00
BLE
0.50
SCL
0.50
LEG
0.00
ZONPALM
0.00
ARBFERN
0.00
D-HERB
0.00
M-HERB
0.00
AZONAL WOODY
0.00
AZONAL NON-WOODY
0.00
AQUATIC
0.00
PROBLEMATIC TAXA
0.00
Taxon
Calluna vulgaris
CONIF
0.00
BLD
0.00
BLE
0.50
SCL
0.00
LEG
0.50
ZONPALM
0.00
ARBFERN
0.00
D-HERB
0.00
M-HERB
0.00
AZONAL WOODY
0.00
AZONAL NON-WOODY
0.00
AQUATIC
0.00
PROBLEMATIC TAXA
0.00
Taxon
Cotoneaster integerrimus
CONIF
0.00
BLD
0.60
BLE
0.00
SCL
0.40
LEG
0.00
ZONPALM
0.00
ARBFERN
0.00
D-HERB
0.00
M-HERB
0.00
AZONAL WOODY
0.00
AZONAL NON-WOODY
0.00
AQUATIC
0.00
PROBLEMATIC TAXA
0.00
Taxon
Deschampsia flexuosa (AVENELLA FLEXUOSA)
CONIF
0.00
BLD
0.00
BLE
0.00
SCL
0.00
LEG
0.00
ZONPALM
0.00
ARBFERN
0.00
D-HERB
0.70
M-HERB
0.30
AZONAL WOODY
0.00
AZONAL NON-WOODY
0.00
AQUATIC
0.00
PROBLEMATIC TAXA
0.00
Taxon
Digitalis lutea
CONIF
0.00
BLD
0.00
BLE
0.00
SCL
0.00
LEG
0.00
ZONPALM
0.00
ARBFERN
0.00
D-HERB
0.80
M-HERB
0.20
AZONAL WOODY
0.00
AZONAL NON-WOODY
0.00
AQUATIC
0.00
PROBLEMATIC TAXA
0.00
Taxon
Festuca gautieri
CONIF
0.00
BLD
0.00
BLE
0.00
SCL
0.00
LEG
0.00
ZONPALM
0.00
ARBFERN
0.00
D-HERB
1.00
M-HERB
0.00
AZONAL WOODY
0.00
AZONAL NON-WOODY
0.00
AQUATIC
0.00
PROBLEMATIC TAXA
0.00
Taxon
Hepatica nobilis
CONIF
0.00
BLD
0.00
BLE
0.00
SCL
0.00
LEG
0.00
ZONPALM
0.00
ARBFERN
0.00
D-HERB
0.00
M-HERB
1.00
AZONAL WOODY
0.00
AZONAL NON-WOODY
0.00
AQUATIC
0.00
PROBLEMATIC TAXA
0.00
Taxon
Hieracium murorum
CONIF
0.00
BLD
0.00
BLE
0.00
SCL
0.00
LEG
0.00
ZONPALM
0.00
ARBFERN
0.00
D-HERB
0.50
M-HERB
0.50
AZONAL WOODY
0.00
AZONAL NON-WOODY
0.00
AQUATIC
0.00
PROBLEMATIC TAXA
0.00
Taxon
Hylocomium splendens
CONIF
0.00
BLD
0.00
BLE
0.00
SCL
0.00
LEG
0.00
ZONPALM
0.00
ARBFERN
0.00
D-HERB
0.00
M-HERB
0.00
AZONAL WOODY
0.00
AZONAL NON-WOODY
0.00
AQUATIC
0.00
PROBLEMATIC TAXA
1.00
Taxon
Juniperus communis subsp. hemisphaerica
CONIF
1.00
BLD
0.00
BLE
0.00
SCL
0.00
LEG
0.00
ZONPALM
0.00
ARBFERN
0.00
D-HERB
0.00
M-HERB
0.00
AZONAL WOODY
0.00
AZONAL NON-WOODY
0.00
AQUATIC
0.00
PROBLEMATIC TAXA
0.00
Taxon
Laserpitium nestleri
CONIF
0.00
BLD
0.00
BLE
0.00
SCL
0.00
LEG
0.00
ZONPALM
0.00
ARBFERN
0.00
D-HERB
0.00
M-HERB
1.00
AZONAL WOODY
0.00
AZONAL NON-WOODY
0.00
AQUATIC
0.00
PROBLEMATIC TAXA
0.00
Taxon
Pinus sylvestris var. pyrenaica
CONIF
1.00
BLD
0.00
BLE
0.00
SCL
0.00
LEG
0.00
ZONPALM
0.00
ARBFERN
0.00
D-HERB
0.00
M-HERB
0.00
AZONAL WOODY
0.00
AZONAL NON-WOODY
0.00
AQUATIC
0.00
PROBLEMATIC TAXA
0.00
Taxon
Polygala calcarean
CONIF
0.00
BLD
0.00
BLE
0.00
SCL
0.00
LEG
0.00
ZONPALM
0.00
ARBFERN
0.00
D-HERB
0.90
M-HERB
0.10
AZONAL WOODY
0.00
AZONAL NON-WOODY
0.00
AQUATIC
0.00
PROBLEMATIC TAXA
0.00
Taxon
Pulsatilla alpina subsp. font-queri
CONIF
0.00
BLD
0.00
BLE
0.00
SCL
0.00
LEG
0.00
ZONPALM
0.00
ARBFERN
0.00
D-HERB
0.20
M-HERB
0.80
AZONAL WOODY
0.00
AZONAL NON-WOODY
0.00
AQUATIC
0.00
PROBLEMATIC TAXA
0.00
Taxon
Pyrola chlorantha
CONIF
0.00
BLD
0.00
BLE
0.00
SCL
0.00
LEG
0.00
ZONPALM
0.00
ARBFERN
0.00
D-HERB
0.20
M-HERB
0.80
AZONAL WOODY
0.00
AZONAL NON-WOODY
0.00
AQUATIC
0.00
PROBLEMATIC TAXA
0.00
Taxon
Sesleria albicans (SESLERIA CAERULEA)
CONIF
0.00
BLD
0.00
BLE
0.00
SCL
0.00
LEG
0.00
ZONPALM
0.00
ARBFERN
0.00
D-HERB
0.60
M-HERB
0.40
AZONAL WOODY
0.00
AZONAL NON-WOODY
0.00
AQUATIC
0.00
PROBLEMATIC TAXA
0.00
Taxon
Vaccinium myrtillus
CONIF
0.00
BLD
0.00
BLE
0.40
SCL
0.30
LEG
0.30
ZONPALM
0.00
ARBFERN
0.00
D-HERB
0.00
M-HERB
0.00
AZONAL WOODY
0.00
AZONAL NON-WOODY
0.00
AQUATIC
0.00
PROBLEMATIC TAXA
0.00
Taxon
Valeriana montana
CONIF
0.00
BLD
0.00
BLE
0.00
SCL
0.00
LEG
0.00
ZONPALM
0.00
ARBFERN
0.00
D-HERB
0.70
M-HERB
0.30
AZONAL WOODY
0.00
AZONAL NON-WOODY
0.00
AQUATIC
0.00
PROBLEMATIC TAXA
0.00

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